The mechanism of adhesive wear type abrasion on CNC machine tools

Research has shown that the surface condition of solids has uneven defects from a microscopic perspective, and even polishing cannot completely eliminate peaks and valleys. When two friction surfaces come into contact, it is actually the convex peaks of the two friction surfaces in contact with each other. Due to the high contact stress, elastic and plastic deformation occurs, increasing the contact area until it can withstand all loads. In this case, strong adhesion points will appear on the metal contact surface, which is commonly known as cold welding adhesion. These adhesive points are generated without surface facial mask. When there is surface facial mask on the surface of the friction pair, the cold welding adhesion will not be generated only under the normal force. If there is a tangential force acting simultaneously, and both normal and tangential forces are large, and relative sliding occurs, the temperature of the friction surface will increase. Under high temperature and pressure, the oil film will be damaged, and the metal surface in contact will soften or melt. The contact point will undergo a cycle of adhesion tearing adhesion tearing, causing the material on the contact surface to transfer from one surface to the other, resulting in scratches and grooves on one surface (or both surfaces), that is, adhesive wear type abrasion.